Post by account_disabled on Feb 27, 2024 1:50:33 GMT -5
Nanodiamonds
Researchers have discovered that the "diamond shower," a unique precipitation that has long been speculated to occur on icy giant planets, may occur more frequently than previously believed.
To learn more about the circumstances on the icy giant planets Neptune and Uranus, a group of researchers from Germany and France have created an intriguing experiment, according to an article published by Physic.org.
In a previous experiment, scientists looked at a plastic made up of hydrogen and carbon, two elements that are important for understanding the full chemical makeup of Neptune and Uranus.
In the most recent experiment, the res Brazil Mobile Number List earchers used PET plastic , which is commonly used in food packaging, plastic bottles and containers, to more accurately reproduce the composition of these planets.
"The effect of oxygen was to accelerate the splitting of carbon and hydrogen and thus encourage the formation of nanodiamonds," said Dominik Kraus, a physicist at HZDR and professor at the University of Rostock.
"It meant that carbon atoms could combine more easily and form diamonds ."
The new research provides a complete picture of how diamond rain forms on other planets and could lead to a new method of producing nanodiamonds, which have a wide range of applications in drug delivery, medical sensors, non-invasive surgery, sustainable manufacturing and quantum electronics.
"The previous paper was the first time we directly saw the formation of diamonds from any mixture. Since then, there have been many experiments with different pure materials,” said Siegfried Glenzer, director of the High Energy Density Division at SLAC.
«But within the planets, it is much more complicated; There are many more chemicals in the mix. "So what we wanted to find out here was what kind of effect these additional chemicals have."
Nanodiamonds from plastic bottles
To generate shock waves in the PET, the researchers used a high-power optical laser on the Matter in Extreme Conditions (MEC) instrument at SLAC's Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). Then, using LCLS X-ray pulses, they investigated what happened to the plastic.
They watched the material's atoms rearrange themselves into small regions of diamond using a technique known as was used in the first article.
Los científicos determinaron que estas regiones de diamantes crecieron hasta unos pocos nanómetros de ancho utilizando este método adicional. Descubrieron que la presencia de oxígeno en el material permitía que los nanodiamantes crecieran a un ritmo más rápido.
Los diamantes en Neptuno y Urano, predicen los investigadores, crecerán mucho más que los nanodiamantes producidos en estos experimentos, posiblemente alcanzando millones de quilates de peso.
Podrían hundirse lentamente a través de las capas de hielo de los planetas y formar una gruesa capa de brillo alrededor del núcleo planetario sólido durante miles de años, señalaron los investigadores.
‘Hielo negro y caliente’
Los científicos también descubrieron evidencia de que el agua superiónica podría formarse en presencia de diamantes.
Esta fase de agua recién descubierta, que a menudo se denomina «hielo negro caliente», existe a temperaturas y presiones extremadamente altas.
Researchers have discovered that the "diamond shower," a unique precipitation that has long been speculated to occur on icy giant planets, may occur more frequently than previously believed.
To learn more about the circumstances on the icy giant planets Neptune and Uranus, a group of researchers from Germany and France have created an intriguing experiment, according to an article published by Physic.org.
In a previous experiment, scientists looked at a plastic made up of hydrogen and carbon, two elements that are important for understanding the full chemical makeup of Neptune and Uranus.
In the most recent experiment, the res Brazil Mobile Number List earchers used PET plastic , which is commonly used in food packaging, plastic bottles and containers, to more accurately reproduce the composition of these planets.
"The effect of oxygen was to accelerate the splitting of carbon and hydrogen and thus encourage the formation of nanodiamonds," said Dominik Kraus, a physicist at HZDR and professor at the University of Rostock.
"It meant that carbon atoms could combine more easily and form diamonds ."
The new research provides a complete picture of how diamond rain forms on other planets and could lead to a new method of producing nanodiamonds, which have a wide range of applications in drug delivery, medical sensors, non-invasive surgery, sustainable manufacturing and quantum electronics.
"The previous paper was the first time we directly saw the formation of diamonds from any mixture. Since then, there have been many experiments with different pure materials,” said Siegfried Glenzer, director of the High Energy Density Division at SLAC.
«But within the planets, it is much more complicated; There are many more chemicals in the mix. "So what we wanted to find out here was what kind of effect these additional chemicals have."
Nanodiamonds from plastic bottles
To generate shock waves in the PET, the researchers used a high-power optical laser on the Matter in Extreme Conditions (MEC) instrument at SLAC's Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). Then, using LCLS X-ray pulses, they investigated what happened to the plastic.
They watched the material's atoms rearrange themselves into small regions of diamond using a technique known as was used in the first article.
Los científicos determinaron que estas regiones de diamantes crecieron hasta unos pocos nanómetros de ancho utilizando este método adicional. Descubrieron que la presencia de oxígeno en el material permitía que los nanodiamantes crecieran a un ritmo más rápido.
Los diamantes en Neptuno y Urano, predicen los investigadores, crecerán mucho más que los nanodiamantes producidos en estos experimentos, posiblemente alcanzando millones de quilates de peso.
Podrían hundirse lentamente a través de las capas de hielo de los planetas y formar una gruesa capa de brillo alrededor del núcleo planetario sólido durante miles de años, señalaron los investigadores.
‘Hielo negro y caliente’
Los científicos también descubrieron evidencia de que el agua superiónica podría formarse en presencia de diamantes.
Esta fase de agua recién descubierta, que a menudo se denomina «hielo negro caliente», existe a temperaturas y presiones extremadamente altas.